Vyañjana

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vyañjana (T. tshig ’bru ཚིག་འབྲུ) is translated as "word," "inflected word," "letter," "sound," "syllable," etc.[1][2]

Deleanu (2019) states:

In a strict grammatical sense, vyañjana refers to a ‘consonant’. Literally, it means ‘becoming manifest’. This alludes to the nature of the consonant which is incapable of standing alone and manifests itself phonetically when pronounced together with a vowel...
[In the context of the four reliances], however, the word is used in a more general sense of ‘letter’ contrasted to the ‘[ultimate] meaning’ or ‘spirit’ of the Teaching. [...] The primacy of the meaning over the letter is a common theme in Mahāyāna literature.[3]

In tantra, this term can refer to a "seed syllable" for a sadhana practice. In this context, the "seed syllable" is the "syllable from which the deity is manifested during the development stage."[1]

This term is also used as a synonym for (or abbreviation of) the term anuvyañjana ("minor mark").[4]

Notes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 tshig ’bru, Christian-Steinert Dictionary
  2. ↑ tshig ’bru, 84000 Glossary of Terms
  3. ↑ Deleanu 2019, p. 3 fn. 3
  4. ↑ Buswell & Lopez 2014, s.v. anuvyañjana.

Sources

Further reading