Trisvabhāva
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Trisvabhāva (T. mtshan nyid gsum/rang bzhin gsum; C. sanxing 三性), or the three natures, is a key doctrine of the Yogacara school that presents a model of our experiences and phenomena in terms of three natures.
The three natures are:
- Parikalpita-svabhāva (T. kun brtags mtshan nyid): "imputed nature"
- Paratantra-svabhāva ( T. gzhan dbang mtshan nyid): "dependent nature"
- Pariniṣpanna-svabhāva (T. yongs grub mtshan nyid): "truly existent nature"
Contents
Alternative translations
- Imaginary, Other-dependent & Perfect (Karl Brunnhölzl)
- Imagined, Other-dependent & Consummate (Jay L. Garfield)
- Imputation, Dependence & the Absolute (Richard Barron)
- Imaginary, Dependent & Thoroughly Established (Dharmachakra Translation Group)
Canonical literature
See also
Further reading
- Connelly, Ben. Inside Vasubandhu's Yogacara, Wisdom, 2016
- D'Amato, M. "Three Stages: An Interpretation of the Yogacara Trisvabhava-Theory." Journal of Indian Philosophy. (2005) 33:185-207
- Garfield, Jay L. "Vasubandhu's Treatise on the Three Natures" in Empty Words: Buddhist Philosophy and Cross-Cultural Interpretation, Oxford University Press, 2002
- Karr, Andy. Contemplating Reality (Boston: Shambala Publications, 2007), Chapter 9
- Siderits, Mark. Buddhism as Philosophy: An Introduction (Hacket: 2012), "Chapter 8: Yogacara"
- Westerhoff, Jan. The Golden Age of Indian Buddhist Philosophy (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018), 182-183
External links
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